The bacteria causes infection when it is ingested, usually through tainted food or water, or when there is exposure to an infected person.
However, the major systemic problem occurs when it is ingested accidentally, for purposes of suicidal intent or during attempted murder.
The reviewers rejected many of the low-dose animal studies because of design problems, such as injecting the chemical, which bypasses metabolic processes that detoxify much of it when it is ingested.
Get the dose wrong, however, and the substance becomes hazardous; there's a reason that GHB and its narcotic stablemate GBL – a precursor of GHB, used to make spandex and paint stripper, that transforms into GHB when it's ingested – are known by some as "Satan's urine".
The bioavailability of oral LVX is very rapid and complete, approaching 100%, and it is not affected when it is ingested after meals.
Unfortunately, TTO can be potentially toxic when it is ingested in high doses, and, therefore, TTO should not be administrated orally.
"Alcohol is a horribly influential factor in these cases when it's voluntarily ingested," said Ms. Fairstein, who has written several legal thrillers since her retirement a decade ago.
Hexavalent chromium Cr VI) is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a human carcinogen through inhalation [ 1], but there is significant debate on the carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium when it is orally ingested.
