For each wheat line, the presence and absence of amplified fragments was scored, considering only unambiguous electrophoretic readings.
Pairwise PhiPT estimates of the virulence profiles on the wheat lines among the B. graminis isolates sampled in four different regions are presented in Table 4.
So, the high level of genetic variation among wheat lines and the presence of genetic variation influencing the immunogenicity of the major CD epitopes may offer possibilities to generate wheat varieties with a reduced CD-immunogenicity, toilored to major CD epitopes (i.e. DQ2-α-I, DQ2-α-II; [ 46] and/or DQ2-γ-I, this study).
Gene silencing was not observed in lactoferrin expression in the seven advanced wheat lines in the course of experimentation for eight generations.
Because these two allohexaploid wheat lines shared the same genotype of the diploid goat-grass species Aegilops tauschii (line TQ27) as the paternal parent, while the maternal parents were two different subspecies of T. turgidum (durum and carthlicum), the effect of the variable tetraploid parents on global gene expression of the allohexaploid lines could be addressed.
However, the transcription profiles of 41 double haploid wheat lines using the Affymetrix GeneChip® Wheat Genome Array have revealed the putative position of 542 genes identified as major e-QTLs on single-chromosomal regions [ 68].
In addition, we observed a marked increase in accuracy when we reduced the number of different wheat lines in the calibration set, and individual lines tended to model extremely accurately.
A possible explanation for this observation is the intensive usage of synthetic wheat lines in the CIMMYT program.
We used four wheat lines carrying the transgene Pm3b in different position on the genome and their respective non-transgenic control lines (null-segregants), each derived from different transformation events [18], [19].
A simple pathway was illustrated in Fig. 6 to show the molecular pathogenesis reaction of susceptible and resistant wheat lines against the leaf rust.
