From this perspective, Avicenna is not Aristotelian: metaphysics must explain the transition from non-being to being, an atemporal transition which does not exclude eternity from what is caused to be.
If consequentialists define consequences in terms of what is caused (unlike Sosa 1993), then which future events count as consequences is affected by which notion of causation is used to define consequences.
The causal chain is composed as in Metaph., α, 2, 994 a 1 19 of three elements: the cause (al-ʿilla), and then the effect (or what is caused: al-maʿlūl) and the intermediary or medium (al-mutawassiṭ), which both have a "relationship" to the cause "that consists in being caused" (nisba maʿlūlyya; see section 4.1).
XI; Fidora/Niederberger, 2001, 76: "Causatum ergo in causa est per modum causae …": "What is caused is in the cause in the mode of the cause …"), Eckhart holds that being is, in intellect, nothing other than intellect and, therefore, not simply being, but instead being that has been elevated to intellect.
Dietrich explains this principle in the second part of De intellectu when he tells us that "… an agent as an agent can contain in itself its own act or what is caused by it not only virtually, but also essentially, insofar as it is the same as its effect, but with a distinct existence (aliud esse)." Thus God and creatures do not enjoy the same being.
"It is hard to tell which of the symptoms are directly from the compressor station and what is caused by the stress of living near the compressors," Asha told me.
