The studies used a range of outcome measures; only one used a measure that was reported to be validated (Skinner et al, 2000).
Among these 52 genes, 24 genes (46%) were identified in previous large-scale screens [ 12, 13], and 32 genes (62%) in total have been reported to be related with DDR, which validates the accuracy of our screen (Table 1).
Among these, the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation version II (AGREE II) is reported to be a reliable, internationally used and validated tool [15].
Items from instruments that were reported to have been validated and/or there was empirical evidence provided for the importance of including the items were noted.
"The next step is for the report to be validated or not by the French National Authority for Health," said Jean-Pierre Couteron, president of the Addiction Federation.
Canonical discriminant function coefficients for all clusters were reported to validate the cluster results.
Only one trial used a knowledge scale that was reported to have been validated (Boundouki et al, 2004).
The studies used different outcome measures, one encompassing knowledge, beliefs and attitudes (Blumenthal et al, 2005), the others only knowledge (Kiekbusch et al, 2000; Skinner et al, 2000; McCullagh et al, 2005); only one used a measure that was reported to have been validated (Skinner et al, 2000).
Incorrect calls in the gold standard data were reported to the original typing laboratory, and were validated using Sanger sequencing.
Tickets must be stamped to be validated.
