Participants were instructed to respond based on their sexual behavior since they learned that they were HIV positive or within the past 5 years, whichever was more recent.
ICU physicians and nurses were instructed to answer based on perceptions of overall survival and renal recovery rates (rather than for the index patient case) in order to maximize objectivity and comparability between groups.
Although the patients were instructed to answer based on their experience over the previous 5-min postinjection period, at 5 min the majority of patients had stopped experiencing any pain above baseline in either group and the SF-MPQ may have not adequately reflected their peak pain experience.
Because of the concern that investigations of this sort fail to adequately distinguish between what is experienced and what is judged to be the case (e.g., de Vignemont, 2011), before responding to the questionnaire participants were instructed to base their ratings on what they consciously experience rather than on what they judged or inferred to be the case.
Next-of-kin to children were instructed to base their answers on their own perception of the care that was provided to their children.
34 Trained nurses who had observed the residents for at least 4 weeks assessed CDR and were instructed to base their CDR scoring on mental functioning and not to include physical frailty.
The subjects were instructed on proper lifting cadence based on verbal cues and a metronome set to 50 beats per min, which corresponded to 1-s concentric muscle action, 0-s pause, and a 1-s eccentric muscle action.
Nurses (n = 249) were randomly assigned to one of four factorial groups, and were instructed to derive diagnoses based on an assessment interview with a simulated patient/actor.
Students were instructed to consider labels based on statement patterns, while paying particular attention to distinguishing features that were rated highly positive or highly negative [ 39].
The parents were instructed to answer the questions based on their overall satisfaction with the pediatrician in general, i.e., not merely based on the last doctor visit.
