Malformations were coded according to the Eurocat categorisation, 21 and congenital heart defects were further categorised in developmentally based subgroups as suggested by Louik et al. 13 As information on malformations in stillborn children is incompletely registered we included only liveborn children in the analyses.
The headaches were further categorised as preictal, postictal or interictal.
These were further categorised into dummy variables to measure child stunting, underweight and wasting.
The z-scores were further categorised into stunted, under-weight and wasting, respectively indicating growth retardation defined as HAZ, WAZ and WHZ below -2 z-scores.
These patients were further categorised into low probability (score 0 8), intermediate probability (score 9 15) and high probability (score >15).
Habitat wise floras were generated using the stratified quadrant sampling approach that were further segregated into native and alien elements followed by growth form characterisation. Alien species were further categorised on the basis of stages of invasion.
Open fractures were further categorised in accordance with the Gustilo classification: 33 fractures were Grade I, 24 Grade II, 14 Grade III A, 2 Grade III B and 1 was Grade III C [15].
In order to establish the resilience and regeneration of particular species and height classes, trees which were pushed over, snapped or burnt were further categorised on whether they were alive and re-sprouting or dead.
Commodities were further categorised as tradable and non-tradable.
Ethnicity data were further categorised into white or non-white.
Studies were further categorised according to the study design.
