For spontaneous undirected differentiation, hiPSCs were differentiated to form progeny of all three germ layers by forming EBs in FBS-containing medium: IMDM/Glutamax, 10% FBS (both Invitrogen).
By tuning differentiation time and medium composition, NPCs were differentiated to a mixture consisting predominantly of GFAP+/nestin+ astrocytes and nestin+/GFAP-/βIII tubulin- progenitors that could effectively induce TEER compared to mixtures containing βIII tubulin+ neurons as the major population.
All isolates were differentiated to the level of species by routine differentiation methods.
To confirm reproducibility of the differentiation process, BHX HiPSCs along with H9 HESCs were differentiated to LM and subsequently to an epicardial lineage with WNT3A+BMP4+RA.
The LQT2-hiPSCscorr and NKX2.5 eGFP/w hESCsN996I, together with their parental cell lines, were differentiated to CMs, with spontaneously contracting foci first observed at 10 12 days of differentiation.
Given that HU is thought to induce γ-globin via perturbation of erythroid cell maturation [36, 67], in this study HSCs were differentiated to orthochromatophilic erythroblasts for 15 days.
Cells were differentiated to endoderm as previously described [27], [28].
Sinularia soft corals were differentiated into morphospecies based on growth form; all other anthozoans and sponges were differentiated to species.
Peripheral blood monocytes were prepared from human blood as previously described [66] and were differentiated to macrophages as described [33].
After 24 h, non-adherent cells were removed and adherent monocytes were differentiated to macrophages for 7 10 days, with fresh medium changes every second day.
When HL-60 cells were differentiated to neutrophil-like cells, they lost mitochondrial supercomplex organisation while gaining increased aerobic glycolysis, just like neutrophils.
