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Discover LudwigSuggestions(5)
The phrase "were calculated by" is grammatically correct and commonly used in written English.
It is typically used to describe the process of determining a numerical value or result through mathematical or logical methods. Example: The final grades for the class were calculated by averaging the scores of all the assignments and exams.
Exact(60)
The performance statistics were calculated by Money & Business, based on data provided by Bloomberg Financial Markets.
were calculated by Discovery Studio.
Histograms were calculated by using AFM images.
They were calculated by T.E.S.T. software.
BPND and VT were calculated by 2TC.
These values were calculated by Eqs.
Partial charges were calculated by Gasteiger method.
Total carbohydrates were calculated by difference.
The wall structures were calculated by micromagnetic simulations.
Particle trajectories were calculated by discrete phase model.
Binding free energies were calculated by MM-PBSA methodology.
More suggestions(19)
for each subfault was calculated by
for each primer was calculated by
for each element were calculated by
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were anticipated by
were indicated by
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were allocated by
were quantified by
were calibrated by
were computed by
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were estimated by
were articulated by
were located by
concentrations calculated by
well calculated by
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com