Southwest and JetBlue have developed strong brands, offering a well-defined service rather than just low prices.
The existence of a well-defined service specification format, the service code, plays a paramount role in the design of service creation approaches and tools.
A transition toward a network-service-oriented architecture can occur gradually by standardizing a further decomposition of the protocol layer into multiple well-defined network services.
As stated by Engel et al. (2008 ), PES can be defined as "a voluntary transaction where a well-defined environmental service (or a land use likely to secure that service) is being 'bought' by a (minimum one) service buyer from a (minimum one) service provider if and only if the service provider secures service provision" (p. 664).
PES schemes are premised on the need to price ecosystem services that are usually unvalued within markets, involving a 'voluntary' transaction where a well-defined environmental service (ES) (or a land-use likely to secure that service) is 'bought' by a ES buyer from a ES provider, if and only if the ES provider secures ES provision (conditionality) (Wunder 2005: 5).
Although PES was originally defined as a voluntary transaction, involving the conditional purchase of a well-defined environmental service by a buyer from a seller (Wunder 2005), most now recognise that such transactions often require states, donors and civil society to create new markets and associated institutions (Vatn 2010).
Web services are often built alongside browser-based web interfaces and, in modern applications, rich web or desktop clients are built on top of well-defined web service APIs.
The Danish Collaborative Bacteraemia Network (DACOBAN) research database includes microbiological data obtained from positive blood cultures from a geographically and demographically well-defined population serviced by three clinical microbiology departments (1.7 million residents, 32% of the Danish population).
Yet not all PES programs are designed and implemented in ways that reflect voluntary transactions between buyers and providers of well-defined, measurable ecosystem services.
The travel portal provides a real SOA application and well-defined business and service cases to improve the platform.
