An important advantage of this measure is its invariance with respect to a reference group (say, the population average or the least well off group).
Once you consider that graduates disproportionately come from and go onto join the most well-off groups in society, it raises the question: is this the best way to help disadvantaged students?
Mr. Ott said the union movement needed to work closely with less-well-off groups of workers — taxi drivers, domestic workers, restaurant workers, even freelance writers and computer workers — to help raise their living standards, not just for moral reasons but also for their own self-interest.
It appears from our findings that the already well-off groups in urban areas in Southern Finland received greatest financial support for their oral health care.
There are indications that utilization of outpatient care varies by insurance status for the poorest income group, but not for the more well-off groups.
A confounding factor is that prostate and breast cancers have relatively high survival and incidence is highest among socio-economic well-off groups, as is melanoma.
The third column of table 7 shows that the income-insurance interaction term is significantly negative, suggesting that it is the more well-off groups that benefit from the financial protection effect of having insurance.
The modest socioeconomic differentials in influenza vaccine uptake were also unchanged over time (no significant interactions), i.e. the increased uptake was not at the expense of the less well-off groups but nor did it benefit them disproportionately.
Moreover, they said, the tax cut would go to a relatively well-off group without doing anything for lower income people.
And 37% of this well-off group also owned a second house or condo, whether for vacation or investment, with a median value of $132,000.
That juxtaposed with the assumed well-off group of people approaching from the distance seemed interesting so I ran over and made the photograph.
