It is well established that the interplay between gata1 and pu.1, which drives the development of myeloid cells, is essential to establish the myelo-erythroid progenitor cell fate during zebrafish primitive hematopoiesis.
While it is well established that polyoxometalate (POM) electrochemistry is influenced by interplay between the pH of the electrolyte, the present ions and the pKa values of the complex, this is the first report that the initial oxidation state of the POM has a major influence on the electrochemistry of the transition metal within the molecule.
The interplay between these pathways is well established, although the oncogenic phosphatase PPM1D adds a new layer to this intricate relationship and provides new insights into the processes determining cell fate.
It is well established that most viral infections cause damage by an interplay of direct infection and concomitant host response, evidenced by up-regulation of cytokine production, notably TNFα, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and other chemicals [ 15, 16].
Whereas immune cell-mediated mechanisms lead to near-complete elimination of β cells in T1D, both the extent of the loss (estimates range from approximately 35[ 2] to 60%%)[ 3] and the underlying mechanisms are less well established for T2D.[ 4] Nonetheless, these are likely to involve the interplay of genetic and environmental factors, including obesity.
It has been well established that these events are under the control of a complex interplay of circulating hormones, particularly estrogen, progesterone, glucocorticoids and prolactin gene family members [ 1].
While the functional interplay between the mitochondrial pathway and death receptor-mediated apoptosis is well established, recent evidence suggests that the mitochondrial pathway also communicates with death receptor-induced programmed necrosis (also called necroptosis).
Oxidative stress seems to be a direct activator of ER stress in the heart; however, the precise interplay between ROS and ER stress during myocardial I/R injury has not yet been well established.
C. hirsuta, a cosmopolitan weed with fast life cycle, is now a well established model for development of leaf dissection in plants [ 19]. C. flexuosa has been recently used to elucidate the interplay between age and vernalization in regulating flowering [ 20].
