The North American continental population of lesser scaup declined during the 1980s, and remains well below established conservation goals; however, the cause(s) of that population decline are not clear.
These ideas appear now to be reasonably well established in conservation thinking.
Normovolemic hemodilution is a well established blood conservation technique, reducing the requirement for allogeneic red cell transfusions [ 8].
Demographic monitoring is a well established tool for conservation managers.
Here, we describe a model using the pairwise comparison formulae in the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), four metrics describing the logistical difficulty of working on each island (island size, ruggedness, travel time, and tenure), and two well established measures of conservation value of an island (maximum representation and effective maximum rarity of eight features).
Nevertheless, it is not well established whether the conservation of these OBP clusters represent the outcome of an uneven distribution of chromosomal rearrangement breakpoints, or rather they are constrained by natural selection for some functional meaning (Zhou et al. 2009; Sanchez-Gracia and Rozas 2011; Vieira and Rozas 2011).
Although orthologization and evolutionary conservation of PK protein sequences has been well established, little is known about evolutionary conservation and the function of non-coding DNA sequences of PK genes.
The shortage of food, however, is well established, and so the main conservation effort is focused on getting farmers to plant special turtle dove plots – there's a Government grant for it – with a mix of wild flowers that will provide seed throughout the summer.
The ecological importance of spatially connected habitats to conservation is well established for terrestrial environments.
The provision of supplementary food at artificial feeding stations or "vulture restaurants" (hereafter AFS), a well established management tool in the conservation of scavenger populations [11], appears to be a potentially useful solution worldwide.
This is well established as eukaryote displays functional conservation at both protein as well as network level [ 25].
