An alliance of protesters – from Vegetarian International Voice for Animals to Friends of the Earth, the Campaign to Protect Rural England to World Animal Protection, the Soil Association to Compassion in World Farming – joined forces with local campaigners to voice fears over animal welfare, disease control, security, transport issues and pollution of the soil and water.
Interest in the welfare and diseases of donkeys is constantly increasing in several countries.
Interest in the welfare and diseases of donkeys is constantly increasing in several countries, mostly due to the recent rediscovery of donkey milk as an alternative food source for milk-intolerant children.
Secondly, information about costs associated with DM and related chronic complications (employing a broad concept of costs that includes losses in labour production, social costs associated with the loss of independence, and healthcare spending) could be used as an approximation of the loss in social welfare these diseases cause.
According to a scientific report on the effects of farming systems on dairy cow welfare and disease (EFSA-Q-2006-113, 2009), the major diseases associated with poor welfare in dairy cows were leg disorders, mastitis and reproductive disorders.
Female cattle were kept until development of unequivocal signs of a neurological disease consistent with BSE or signs of any other untreatable or welfare compromising disease; surviving dosed cows were culled at 88 mpi together with age-matched control cows.
These microbial communities are intimately involved in human welfare and disease [ 4– 6].
Despite advances in veterinary medicine, animal husbandry, and animal welfare, respiratory disease among dairy cattle continues to be a major problem in the dairy industry [ 3].
Cattle were retained for seven years post inoculation or culled when they developed BSE signs or other untreatable or welfare compromising disease.
8 animals within this group were culled due to welfare as disease was deemed to be too severe, leaving 6 survivors at the end of the study.
