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These were all nine elements of satisfaction with aspects of work, 'mean weekly working time' and 'age'age
Among working characteristics, monthly income and weekly working time were associated with depressive symptoms in the final results of this study.
In contrast to the individual number of working years, assessment of the individual mean weekly working time could be difficult due to the high frequency of part time jobs in the hospitality industry.
In Block 3, among these demographic and working characteristics, marital status, education, monthly income, and weekly working time were significantly associated with depressive symptoms.
Overall job satisfaction was the outcome variable while other elements of satisfaction with work and some characteristics of participants (age, sex, mean weekly working time, location and mode of practice) were potential predictors.
Doctors are not obliged to work beyond this, but they can choose to extend their weekly working time up to 60 h.
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The average weekly working times in the original 15 European Union member states, as agreed by governments and trade unions, stood at 37.9 hours in 2007 (the same as in 2006), compared with 39.6 hours (also unchanged from 2006) in the 12 new member states, according to the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
As well as imposing weekly working hours, time off and other basic rights, the convention also obliges ratifying member states to protect domestic workers from abuse, stop child labour in domestic work and regulate employment agencies recruiting domestic workers.
Working characteristics (job rank, monthly income, and weekly work time) were added in Block 2. Because job rank and monthly income are categorical variables, dummy variables were set for these two variables, respectively.
Hourly wage is calculated from net monthly wage given in the data, divided by weekly working hours times 4.33 to correct for the average number of weeks in one month.
The few studies analysing empirically the strength of trade unions and weekly or annual working time provide some, but certainly no conclusive evidence of a negative correlation (cf., inter alia, Burgoon and Baxandall 2004, Alesina et al. 2005, Faggio and Nickell 2007, Causa 2009, Berger and Heylen 2011, and Oh et al. 2012).
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