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The phase (phi _{1}^{ k)}[!i]) in (3) is associated with the velocity of the weather target.
For Doppler weather radar, to enhance the accuracy of weather target detecting, a lower sidelobe is needed.
Whenever the pulse is reflected by a weather target, its amplitude and phase change according to the reflectivity and velocity of the target.
As a weather target actually consists of a tremendous number of weather scatterers, it is extremely difficult to individually consider and model the impact of each scatterer on the reflection of the radar signal.
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For this reason, a pulse compression radar system dealing with weather targets [16] has focused on addressing the distortion from autocorrelation sidelobe.
As illustrated in Fig. 2, a pulse transmitted by Radar-1 is reflected by weather targets and returns to Radar-1.
Then, in the reception mode, each radar captures signals backscattered by weather targets, which contain the signals originated from other radars also.
As described above, the reflection channel represents all the reflections caused by the virtual weather targets in the direction that the antenna of Radar-1 is facing.
For the phase components of the impulse responses, each of which is associated with the velocities of the weather targets in the corresponding reflection channel as (5) and (6), we simply set all the velocities of the weather targets in each reflection channel to a constant: specifically, v 1[ i]=15, v 2,1[ i]=5, and v 3,1[ i]=−5.
More specifically, each radar transmits radio pulse signal periodically, captures the signal that has been backscattered from weather targets, and extracts important parameters from the signal (e.g., reflectivity and radial velocity) for characterizing the current weather status.
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