Generally, the relationship is weakly negative, whether economic performance is measured as national wealth (GNP or GDP; [4], [5]), productivity [6] or economic growth [1], [7] (though see [8]).
The correlation between the two indicators is weakly positive (r=0.19), suggesting no (intuitively negative) relationship in aggregate.
The S. medicae strains harbored a larger portion of putatively neutral and weakly deleterious mutations, consistent with a negative relationship between the efficacy of selection and effective population size.
10Indeed, while one might have expected a positive relation between the level of mandated employment protection and income across countries (i.e. employment protection is a normal good), the relationship is in fact weakly negative across our sample of countries.
The relationship between fertility of the two generations is also weakly negative; countries with relatively small average values in either generation tend to have higher correlations, suggesting that the cross-sectional relationship is not associated with high levels of fertility.
Moreover, on a national scale the relationship between predation compensation and overall reindeer abundance has changed: before 2004 there seems to have been a negative relationship between predation compensation and abundance (Fig. 2a), while after 2004 the relationship is weakly positive, without a corresponding increase in calf production (Fig. 2b).
A positive value shows a positive relationship, while a negative value indicates a negative relationship.
Conversely, slopes were weakly negative or near zero during downwelling.
There was also a significant negative relationship between leaf Si content and H2SO4-extractable soil Si at harvest in Trial 2 (Fig. 3B), but not in Trial 1 (Fig. 3A) where the relationship was weakly negative; there was no significant relationship between leaf Si content and CaCl2-extractable soil Si in Trial 2 (Fig. 2B).
-: Negative relationship.
