The policies of President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao have tempered some of these problems, by eliminating the agricultural tax, paying more attention to the "weaker communities," and taking measures to curb graft.
NGO assistance and the support of a development partner may be needed, particularly in locales with weaker communities, public health systems or governance.
Inequality is also socially divisive: greater inequality goes with lower levels of trust and weaker community life.
So might weaker community colleges, although those which cultivate connections to local employers might yet prove resilient.Since the first wave of massive online courses launched in 2012, a backlash has focused on their failures and commercial uncertainties.
Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett have shown that inequality produces a range of negative effects on society, from "physical and mental illness, violence, low math and literacy scores among young people" to "lower levels of trust and weaker community life, poorer child well-being, more drug abuse, lower social mobility and higher rates of imprisonment and teenage births".
A few reasons they cite for the significant spike in mental health issues include a possible decline in the stigma and speculation that we are, in fact, suffering more than before due to weaker community ties (perhaps related to technology), a focus on fame and fortune, and unrealistically high expectations.
The report calls for the demolition of high-rise social housing estates that are "beyond recovery", and links tower blocks with high crime rates, weak communities and poor health and education among residents.
The first, and most current, is Malcolm Gladwell's argument that social networks such as Twitter are "weak" communities, which are unlikely to be very effective in terms of stimulating real or lasting political change.
State-controlled media quoted Chen Tonghai, the chairman of Sinopec, a state-owned oil producer and refiner, as saying that the tax could be used to boost subsidies for "weak communities" to offset price increases.China worries about the impact of rising prices on a wide range of consumers, but peasants and taxi drivers are foremost among them.
Weak communities are those where members exhibit low levels of interaction and trust, and high levels of competition and divergent goals.
Few policy initiatives need to be taken for fostering a positive attitude towards entrepreneurship among members of weak communities and encouraging the catalytic role towards further development.
