Usually, Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis (UVFP) is related to a set of well-documented perceptive alterations such as weak voice, breathiness, roughness, diminished voice intensity, vocal effort, low voice efficiency, voice breaks, diplophonia, and air loss [ 1– 5].
The combination of attrition tests, SEM images and PSD analyses showed that surface properties such as shapes and surface roughness have weak impacts on attrition resistance, but they can influence attrition mechanisms.
However, the influence of surface roughness becomes weaker when the spot size of laser beam on the target is smaller.
This may not be valid when the aggregates are sourced from actual construction and demolition waste, due to the higher porosity, roughness, and weaker mechanical properties of aggregates produced from this source.
The etch process for the α-Si mask is highly suggested using a mixture of halogen-based not SF6-based plasma chemistries, because the latter will easily induce a severely deteriorated pattern edge roughness due to weak resistance of the resist to fluorine radical16.
In order to meet the needs of in-process measurement in mechanical engineering, we proposed a dynamic speckle method (DSM) for predicting the roughness of moving weak-scattering surfaces.
Higher cementing strength and roughness of SPs with weak points is favorable for forming the complex fracture network.
In addition, swell wave fields can occur in presence of weak local wind conditions, where the roughness of the sea surface is low, and the backscattering mechanisms are weak.
Discontinuity condition measures the discontinuity length, separation, roughness, infilling, and weathering condition of weak planes are measured in the field.
