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This interpretation suggests that even in the S+/C- condition, responding on lever C has some, though relatively weak, reward value.
On the bright side, these children might respond specifically well to immediate versus postponed and strong versus weak reward.
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Such price-specific increases in responding for weak rewards may reflect cocaine-induced enhancement of conditioned reward [70].
However, some discriminatory capability is lost (cross-hatched region) due to the shift in the psychophysical function, and the indifference arising from the equivalence of weaker rewards could have serious consequences.
If they get their way, they will protect the strong at the expense of the weak ― rewarding the rich and the healthy in ways that punish the poor and the sick.
Although weaker, the reward bias effect is still present even for the longest times, after performance has leveled off.
For those who don't mind coping with historically long lines, Secret Service searches, and weak drinks, the reward is a chance for a glimpse of Barack and Michelle Obama and Joe and Jill Biden.
One result is that a 8-3 that that played a brutal schedule is often penalized, while an 11-0 team with a weak schedule is rewarded".
JD was given a chance to shine today against an ostensibly weaker opponent, a reward for his Europa form, but he brought little in the first half and missed a golden opportunity on a through ball from Paulinho at the beginning of the second.
This clinical effect of quetiapine is hypothesized to be due to its low affinity for dopamine receptors and its weak attenuation of central reward functions.
The results confirm that several temperament variables, characterized by high sensitivity to reward and/or weak response to punishment signals, are closely associated with antisocial behaviour.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com