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These authors argued that group selection was an inherently weak evolutionary force, hence unlikely to promote interesting altruistic behaviours.
On the other hand, a wide survey carried out by Lerner (2000) showed that one third of the U.S. offers weak evolutionary content in the science curriculum.
Synonymous codon usage appears to evolve under a balance among weak evolutionary forces in Drosophila and in a wide range of taxa [reviewed in 43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48].
We found that CTL responses restricted by protective HLA class I alleles, which are associated with slow progression to AIDS, recognised epitopes where escape variants had a weak evolutionary selective advantage (P = 0.008) and occurred infrequently (P = 0.017).
The problem is that mutation is a relatively weak evolutionary force, so changes in the balance between mutation and selection usually do not cause major changes in the design of the key performance characteristics of organisms.
Patch class II was left out because grouping emerged quite late, giving a weak evolutionary signal.
Similar(44)
This finding confirmed that while the third position is under weaker evolutionary pressure than the first and the second positions, there is a significant bias against mutations at the second codon position.
Thus, weaker evolutionary conservation of untranslated transcript regions substantially contributes to the less complete UTR representation in our study.
Genes evolving under weaker evolutionary constraints are generally thought to be involved in less important, or more redundant, biological functions than those evolving under strong purifying selection.
In contrast, most repetitive elements have lost their functional activity and evolve neutrally by accumulating random mutations, which results in much weaker evolutionary conservation in these sequences [ 20].
Recent studies have shown that large numbers of lncRNAs are dynamically expressed in tissue-specific patterns, displaying weaker evolutionary constraint and lower expression levels than protein-coding genes.
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