Sentence examples for we estimated by from inspiring English sources

Here, we designed an unconventional technique for real-time monitoring of changes in thylakoid lumen pH (as reflected by changes in xanthophyll pigment content) based on the photochemical reflectance index (PRI), which we estimated by measuring light-driven leaf reflectance at 531 nm.

We estimated by the presence of his symptoms that he had been infectious for a period of seven months prior to hospital admission.

Interestingly, the magnitude of astrocyte swelling, which we estimated by the measuring extent of GFP fluorescence, appeared to be significantly larger than measurements previously recorded in cell culture [31], [32] or in vivo [33].

Initial efforts to crystallize the RBD of RanBP3 in complex with Ran were hampered by the weak Ran-binding affinity of this domain, which we estimated by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) to correspond to a Kd of 14±0.3 µM (Figure 2; Figure S1 shows the corresponding experiment for full-length RanBP3), in agreement with a previous semi-quantitative study [18].

To obtain independent validation of our data, excluding the possibility that the differences observed in the PLMVd-sRNA profiles could result from amplification artifacts, we estimated by Northern-blot hybridization the relative abundance of some vd-sRNAs derived from regions of the PC-C40 genome wherein deep sequencing mapped high and low density of vd-sRNAs.

We estimated by confocal microscopy that >95% of the cells were co-transfected.

For this reason, we estimate by pooling the data.

Next, we estimate by Hölder's inequality with and Noticing and, we have (4.5).

We estimate by OLS the model of equation 1 on the period 1997q1 to 2007q1 by age-group and gender.

In we get and It is easy to see that Now, we estimate by, the Minkowski inequality, Lemma 2.1 for, and (2.4), we get (3.10).

Furthermore, θ is a vector of eight parameters whose values we estimate by maximising the likelihood function, (7).