Biodiesel made from fast-growing algae, enzyme hydrolysis of forest waste and grasses, thermal depolymerisation of organic waste to form 'biocrude', and even direct biological synthesis of more complex biofuels each have such potential.
Various measures were aimed at preventing both forest over-exploitation and the wasting of wood.
Like sawdust, the cost of forest waste is only associated with the transport cost from the storage place to the site where they will be utilized.
The production of oil derivatives by means of forest waste and coal through the Fischer Tropsch process is an appropriate solution for the cleanliness of all parts of the environment.
The cartels, he pointed out, lay waste to huge swaths of forest, just to launder their money, and they also just generally suck.
He accused the company of exploiting its workers and laying waste to forests.
Over the past decade, Heliövaara and Professor Yang Zhong-qi, of the Chinese Academy of Forestry, have developed this method in a fight against the Siberian moth, which had laid waste to millions of acres of forest in China's northern provinces.
But the Sentinel would also expect to find about 50% of the rocks down to a diameter of 30m - the sort of object that in 1908 laid waste to a vast swathe of forest at Tunguska in Siberia.
Paving the BR-163 could lay waste to thousands of square kilometres of forest, carrying deep into the jungle the "arc of deforestation" through which it passes.
Those areas must be completely excluded from any agricultural activities (Fig. 1), although the use of biomass waste and forest residues from such areas for energy purposes is possible (e.g. [53]).
