Although waste management directives have been in place at the European level since 2008, Poland, along with some other E.U. countries, has taken its time to write the laws into national legislation.
Whereas the Southern European Union (EU) countries need to develop further measures to implement more integrated solid waste management and reach EU directives, the Central EU countries need models and tools with which to rationalize their technological choices and management strategies.
Member states have a further requirement to produce a waste management plan and introduce waste prevention programmes and the 1975 directive also established the 'polluter pays' principle.
Later recycling directives dealing with end-of-life vehicles (Directive 2000/53/EC) and waste electrical and electronic equipment (Directive 2002/96/EC), for example, set out more detail about how waste management facilities should operate and report on their activities.
EU Directive 75/442 EEC set out the early stages of the current waste management practices by introducing a waste hierarchy (reduce, reuse, recover) and a system of permits for those involved in waste treatment with the conditions for obtaining permits and the requirements placed on waste disposal facilities being strictly regulated (e.g. Directive 96/61/EC, SI 1056).
With its starting point in the multi-level perspective of transition theory, this case study analyzes how the outcome of the WEEE directive is constituted in the interplay between the somewhat detached regimes of electronics and waste management.
This study was undertaken to assess the status of implementation of directives of Public Health in Côte d'Ivoire, to provide regional data see national hospital hygiene, medical waste management, injection safety, to make a plea to local authorities for ownership of hospital hygiene by health workers and local authorities and the community.
So much waste, so little waste management.
Radioactive waste management is difficult.
Better waste management, for one.
But waste management, the industry?
