Firstly the uniplex RT-PCR assay was standardized for the detection of each virus independently.
Each lot of LPS was standardized for biologic activity using a chromogenic Limulus amebocyte lysate assay (GenScript, Piscataway, NJ, USA) to adjust for any variation between lots.
When the number of salivary gland sporozoites was standardized for oocysts, no defect was observed suggesting the levels of CSP, TRP1, and TRAP remaining in ΔPOFUT2 sporozoites was sufficient to allow their important functions in sporulation, oocyst egress and salivary gland invasion9, 10, 32, 46.
The casting environment (relative humidity and temperature) was standardized for the preparation of membranes with better physical properties such as the homogeneity, thickness, and smoothness.
Spatial orientation ability was measured with Spatial Orientation Test which was developed originally by Kozhevnikov and Hegarty (2001) and was standardized for computerized version through E-Prime 2.0 software by Mazman and Altun (2013) for Turkish undergraduates.
Furthermore, precautions were taken to replicate the same procedure in our laboratory-based experiments: 1) the knee angle was maintained at 30°, 2) the placement of the EMG electrodes was standardized for all participants, 3) participants were placed in the same position, 4) the technique used for the pulling force was similar in the laboratory and arthroscopic procedures (Fig. 1).
The working time was standardized for each file (1 min), as well as the volume of the substance used (30 mL of 0.9% NaCl, 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA; 3 mL of 2% CHX gel followed by 30 mL of 0.9% NaCl).
The composition of the meals and snack was standardized for all subjects, as previously reported [26].
Fishing gear was standardized for all sets during the duration of the study.
An open-boiling technique was standardized for this study because of the global utilization of this cooking method.
Initial wound area was standardized for all conditions tested and then changes in area over time were expressed as a percentage of the initial time zero wound.
