Each was rated from 0 to 4, and scores were computed by summing ratings on individual items.
Since 1997, every winner was rated from 136 to 149, 11 of of whom carried 10st12lb or lighter.
Stool consistency was rated from 1 (hard) to 5 (watery).
Each item was rated from 0 to 4 with higher scores representing better function.
Average intensity of headache pain was rated from 0 to 4: mild, mild to moderate, moderate, moderate to severe and severe.
Duration was rated from 0 to 4: less than 1, 1 2, 4 h to a day, and two to three days.
Good proficiency in Italian was rated from the self-declared level of speaking, registered on scale (0 = 'very low' up to 5 = 'very high') coded 1 = 'yes' (if migrants declared 4 or 5) and 0 = 'no' (reference).
Patients' perceived exertion was rated from 0 to 10 immediately following physical therapy sessions based on the Borg RPE scale [28], with a similar rating employed to measure perceived enjoyment (0 = no enjoyment, 10 = maximum enjoyment) [29, 30].
Ratings were made on dimensions of valence and arousal (via the Self-Assessment-Manikin, as used for validating the International Affective Picture System [37]) and each emotional expression was rated from –4 (very negative affect) to +4 (very positive affect).
Physical activity was rated from 1 (never) to 5 (daily).
Feasibility was rated from 0 (complete infeasibility) to 5 (extreme ease of application).
