Duplicated genes are primarily maintained in mammalian genomes by reducing expression of one copy.
Barrier integrity is primarily maintained by intercellular junctions, which in turn control the paracellular transport of proteins, fluids, and small molecules.
The overall topology of adrl23 is primarily maintained by hydrophobic interactions involving Phe127, Leu131, Leu132, Val136, and Tyr140 that are clustered on one side of the molecule.
Considering this reduced genome model, our comparative analysis suggests that the DNA integrity necessary for life can be primarily maintained by nucleotide excision repair (NER), which is the only complete repair pathway.
The integrity of OSE layers is primarily maintained by N-cadherin, which further highlights the epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype in this tissue [23], [24].
Bone homeostasis is primarily maintained by three types of cells, ie, osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts.
Data from several studies suggest that FM pain is primarily maintained by a dysregulated central nervous system (CNS) [ 44, 45].
In RMS, IGFR survival signaling is primarily maintained through the AKT pathway, and activation of PI3K/mTOR signaling [269].
Hantaviruses are primarily maintained in the environment by rodents, with humans serving as incidental hosts who are typically infected by inhalation of virus-contaminated rodent excreta (1, 2 ).
The taxonomic boundaries between hybridizing H. erato races are primarily maintained by strong frequency dependent selection on wing color patterns [ 9– 13].
