In testing H 0 versus H 1, there are two types of errors that can be made: H 0 can be falsely accepted (miss detection) or H 0 can be falsely rejected (false alarm).
To ensure that no suitable host species are falsely rejected in these tests, it has been suggested that the physiological and informational state of parasitoids be manipulated to enhance their "motivation to oviposit".
Moreover, given the daily resolution of timestamps in IBC and the corresponding clustering of events on a given day, we strongly caution against the direct calibration of a Hawkes model even where robust timing signatures exist, simply because the resulting model fits will be (falsely) rejected by standard goodness-of-fit methods.
Correlations among receptive females were investigated with Pearson's product-moment correlations, and significance levels were adjusted to control for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate procedure [40], which controls the expected proportion of null hypotheses that are falsely rejected.
If this missingness is ignored, causal relationships could be falsely rejected.
In replicates, the null hypothesis is true for all genes, but would be expected to be falsely rejected in proportions equivalent to the calculated p-values.
It is also possible to use so-called false discovery rate (FDR) [ 3], which is a way of controlling the expected percentage of rejected null-hypotheses (discoveries) that are falsely rejected.
The FDR represents the expected proportion of errors among the rejected null hypotheses and is thus a different kind of procedure from multiple testing correction procedures such as a Bonferroni correction that control the family-wise error rate, or the probability that one or more rejected null hypotheses are falsely rejected.
In the presence of locus heterogeneity, the causal variant may be falsely rejected as non-causal or may lie outside the mapped region, because affected individuals in different branches or even in the same sibship do not segregate the same causal variant.
The chance of type I error, that is, falsely rejecting the null hypothesis, will depend on the method adopted.
