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In vitro translation studies indicated that the mutant polyprotein was efficiently translated and was processed as expected.
We previously reported that at higher cell densities, ferritin mRNA bypassed the inhibitory activity of tetracycline-inducible IRP1 and was efficiently translated [21].
β-Cyclopropyl alanine (N11) was efficiently translated, but the resulting peptide was a mixture of full length peptide and peptide lacking the N-terminal residue, suggesting initiation with N11 was difficult.
The MEGF10 GFP fusion protein under the control of the ced-1 promoter was efficiently translated and observed at the cell surface; however, in most lines, the localization of the fusion protein displayed an additional punctuated pattern (not shown).
As expected, embryos injected with the hd-GFP mRNA and observed at the hatching blastula stage showed a diffused green fluorescence, indicating that the synthetic transcript was efficiently translated throughout the early embryo.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03110.003 We then proceeded to reporters containing two fluorescent reporter genes: an upstream tdT which was efficiently translated due to the presence of the same in-frame ATG start codons as in the single RFP control constructs (marked by arrows in Figure 2A), and a downstream GFP which lacked an ATG start codon.
Similar(53)
We previously reported that the mRNAs of ADH7 and BDH2, which encode putative NADPH- and NADH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, respectively, were efficiently translated even with translation repression in response to severe vanillin stress.
Considering that TATA genes are associated with positive translational features we would expect these highly transcribed genes to be efficiently translated.
It appears that Poly-Ribo-Seq detects translation of two types of smORF: (a) 'longer' smORFs that are efficiently translated producing peptides ∼80 aa possessing bioinformatic hallmarks of peptide function; and (b) 'dwarf' smORFs translated from ncRNAs and 5′-UTRs, which are in general shorter (∼20 aa), less efficiently translated, and missing such bioinformatic and molecular markers.
Interestingly, EJCs stimulate mRNA translation, which raises the intriguing question of how intronless KSHV transcripts are efficiently translated.
Despite the general shutdown of protein synthesis, certain mRNAs similar to those encoding the activating transcription factor 4 (and4) ATF5ATF5 in mammals and GCN4 in yeast are efficiently translated under conditions of increased eIF2 αP through a mechanism that involves delayed translation re-initiation.
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