(Usually \(0^{0}\) is considered undefined, but since primitive recursive functions must be total, we define \(E\)(0,0) to be 1).
Additionally, when comparisons between FPKM of the two sexes was carried out, if the FPKM value exceeded 0.05 in one sex and was zero in the other sex, it was considered an undefined bias favoring the sex with expression.
The disease status was considered to be undefined if any of the symptom variables that were required to define a case was missing or answered by "not sure".
In all other cases, the test group was considered 'undefined'undefined
For pairwise groups, the information was considered specified if there was no more than one gene duplication since the last common ancestor for each lineage; in all other cases, the gene relationships were considered 'undefined'undefined
This violation occurs when the language finds a source code artifact that does not fit into the components defined in the architectural specification, and consequently, such artifact is considered unspecified (or undefined) in DCL 2.0. Figure 4 shows an example of unknown component violation.
The criteria for what may be considered futile therapy remains undefined and, for the same acuity of illness, withdrawal practices may vary [ 14].
All unary undefined concepts are considered entity properties while binary concepts are considered relationship properties.
Thus, if as has been suggested by Margos and colleagues [ 48] isolate PBi represents a newly defined species B. " bavariensis", then isolate SV1 might also be considered as representative of another previously undefined species, for which we have suggested the name B. " finlandensis" [ 53].
Although the pathophysiology of PE remains undefined, placental ischemia/hypoxia is considered an important factor.
For such aggressive cancers, multimodality therapy needs to be considered, but the optimal treatment strategy remains undefined because of its rarity.
