When trying to assess whether artistic impulses should be considered adaptive or merely by-products of the evolutionary process, a crucial question raised by his approach, he argues by analogy and tries to have it both ways.
We based our research on this framework, so that parental reactions to adolescents' overjoy that validate and increase PE were considered adaptive.
Liver enlargement and centrilobular hypertrophy were observed in all treated groups but were considered adaptive consequences of hydrocarbon-induced microsomal enzyme induction.
In conclusion, parental strategies that nurture youth's positive emotional experiences may be considered adaptive, since in turn, PE have often been associated with flexibility and resilience (Fredrickson, 2013; Gruber et al. 2014).
Although freezing in response to NEC is considered adaptive, excessive freezing is analogous to extreme childhood BI [5], [6].
This is reminiscent somewhat to the situation with histocompatibility genes, which could conceptually (and only conceptually) be considered adaptive equivalents to the TLR or vice versa.
Our findings also shed some light on the general discussion whether female responses to male traits based on sensory biases can be considered adaptive or not [39] [42].
Should such energy conserving mechanisms be considered adaptive responses, or persisting traits associated with an ancestral nocturnal lifestyle (as proposed for several lemur characteristics; [10])?
