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Each isolate was competed against the alternate marker variant of the common ancestor.
To this end, binding of antibodies to the solid phase-adsorbed antigen was competed against increasing concentrations of the homologous or cross-reacting peptides.
When S. Kentucky strain CVM35942p was competed against S. Newport strain SL317, it greatly outcompeted SL317 at all timepoints tested (50- to 421-fold).
Each of these strains was competed against its Ara– parent to verify that its fitness was unaffected by the genetic marker change (Welch's t-test p>0.05, n ≥ 6).
To determine the biologic cost associated with the different resistance mutations in vitro, each fluoroquinolone-resistant mutant was competed against the fluoroquinolone-susceptible parent strain R6 (with an independent streptomycin resistance marker) as described by Johnson et al. (6 ).
Each bacterial strain was competed against a metC::Tn 10 derivative, called BW3454 (Table 4), of the BW2952 ancestral strain [ 29], under the same conditions used during the chemostat evolution experiment, except that the medium was supplemented with 4 μg ml-1 methionine.
Similar(54)
By 11, she was competing against elders.
A Jamaican sprinter, Ottey was competing against regional runners.
"Moving in August meant I was competing against students but being a professional helped.
His last post on TechCrunch was Competing Against The Big Guys.
But he was competing against Goliath, and these things happen.
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