However, those in the clinical occupation group also work in the hospital wards, clinics, or clinical research units and have contact with patients, whereas those in the nonclinical group have no occupational contact with patients.
Applied to the work done in wards, clinics and operating rooms, this ethical principle led to a new clinical ideal: patient-centered care.
Employees in various organisational environments took part in the survey which could cover: the entire healthcare organisation, one or more departments, one or more units (wards, clinics, diagnostic services).
Within the clinical section, ward and clinic environment equated to 42.9% (n=72/168) and 36.9% (n=62/168) respectively.
This was divided into two sections; educational for revision and learning, and clinical for ward and clinic environment.
This approach can then be transposed into individual practice and be used in ward rounds, clinic, theatre, and any situation where clinical decision making occurs.
Many doctors still hand-write test requests; people move paper records from ward to clinic to operating theatre.
An urologist may work in a dermatology ward or clinic before going into practice.
We included site of recruitment (inpatient ward, outpatient clinic, or emergency/casualty ward) as a potential proxy for participant health.
Interviewers (who were also trained HIV counsellors) approached ward or clinic staff to gain permission to interview potential recruits.
Patients grouped within the same cluster (ward or clinic) are often more similar than randomly selected patients from different clusters.
