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The length of stone walls derived from analysis of LiDAR data combined with field measurements (average height of 0.76 ± 0.23 m; width of 0.96 ± 0.50 m), indicates that an average of ∼1.4 × 106 m3 of stone was moved for constructing walls in the study towns alone.
72 walls derived from two independent, mock-treated BRI1-GFP expressing seedlings and 72 walls derived from two independent, BL-treated BRI1-GFP expressing seedlings were measured.
To quantify the level of soluble, monomeric extensin in cell walls, saline eluates (1 M KCl in 15 mM sodium acetate (pH 4.5)) of control or H2O2-incubated grapevine callus or cell walls (derived from 35 mg fresh weight cells) were injected onto a Superose-12 column (HR 10/30, Amersham-Pharmacia Biotech, Uppsala) and quantified as described previously [ 29].
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The oocyst wall is a two-layered structure, with an inner wall of parasite origin and an outer, thicker wall derived from the basal lamina of the insect midgut epithelium.
14 To prevent the continuous expression of ampC, another molecule, UDP-MurNAc-pentapeptide, which is a biosynthetic building block of the cell wall derived from these catabolic products, is involved in repressing ampC transcription by binding to AmpR.
Although much of our knowledge about cell walls is derived from studies of the eudicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis thaliana[ 16], the composition of grass cell walls is quite distinct from that of dicot cell walls [ 17, 18].
BRI2 mRNA and BRI2 protein are widely expressed by neurons and glia but are not expressed by cerebrovascular smooth muscle cells [ 13], suggesting that the amyloid in the vessel walls is derived from the brain rather than produced locally by smooth muscle cells in the artery walls.
The governing equations of embedded cylindrical diaphragm walls were derived from thin-shell theory.
Dynamic pressure acting on the walls is derived from Bernoulli's equation.
The daylight levels in the rooms and on the walls were derived from scale model measurements, theoretical calculations and predictions from the lighting simulation package Radiance.
Empirical drift capacity models for in-plane loaded unreinforced masonry (URM) walls are derived from results of quasi-static cyclic shear-compression tests.
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