In many of the countries surveyed in 2003 the difference between men's and women's average wages widened to more than 30 per cent, with peaks of higher than 50 per cent.
Workers with less bargaining power, due to the threat of unemployment, might be segregated into lower paying jobs, while others with higher skills and better options are paid higher wages, thereby widening wage inequalities.
Rather than improving typical Americans' living standards, they suggest, global integration may be causing wage stagnation, widening inequality and greater insecurity.Mr Blinder worries that offshoring the outsourcing of services to countries such as India will pose problems for tens of millions of Americans over the coming decades.
The first is the stagnation of middle-class wages and widening inequality.
Only one in 10 American workers now belong to a union despite stagnant wages and widening inequality.
With the economy teetering, workers represented by different unions have spent the past year laying the foundation for an aggressive lobbying campaign to highlight concerns about low wages, the widening income gap and the overall workplace struggles faced by many New Yorkers.
It was notable not just because it acknowledges the growth-focused strategies pursued by Bill Clinton no longer adequately address stagnant wages and widening economic inequality, but also because of who wrote it.
Though Democrats and unions vowed to strike back in the next election, it was another in a series of blows dealt to organized labor in recent decades, blows that of course have nothing at all to do with this country's stagnant wages and widening income inequality.
But as college graduates' earnings rose even more quickly, the wage gap widened, not shrank.
Union workers, on average, get paid more than their non-unionized counterparts — most estimates put the difference at around fifteen per cent — and that wage premium widens during recessions.
