Hardware implementations of cryptographic algorithms are vulnerable to fault analysis attacks.
Onshore buried steel pipelines are vulnerable to fault rupture, where large ground displacements are imposed on the crossing pipe and thus protection measures are often necessary to avoid failure.
However, 3D-NoC systems are exposed to a variety of manufacturing and design factors making them vulnerable to different faults that cause corrupted message transfer or even catastrophic system failures.
The modern chip multiprocessors are vulnerable to transient faults caused by either on-purpose attacks or system mistakes, especially for those with large and multi-level caches in cloud servers.
Wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) are very vulnerable to the disturbances, faults and low grid voltages.
The proposed hybrid MTDC system is vulnerable to DC short faults, because the WFVSCs' capacitors will discharge instantaneously.
Also, some populations are more vulnerable to homelessness through no fault of their own.
Prior studies have attempted to combine cryptography and biometrics, but these methods require the synchronization of internal systems and are vulnerable to power analysis attacks, fault-based cryptanalysis, and replay attacks.
But, in practice, the sensors that are subject to fault are especially vulnerable to various conditions, such as temperature, humidity, etc. and, thus, their faults may fall outside the presumed polytopic bounds easily.
