We tested the hypothesis that teens of lower (vs. higher) socioeconomic status (SES) are vulnerable to substance use because they engage in fewer pleasurable substance-free activities that provide reinforcement and may deter substance use.
Jun Shigemura, a psychiatry specialist at the National Defense Medical College who offers pro bono mental care sessions at the Fukushima Daiichi plant, said workers there showed signs of post-traumatic stress and depression, raising the risk of making errors at work, and leaving them vulnerable to substance abuse and even suicide.
A number of studies have found that affluent children are more vulnerable to substance abuse issues, potentially because of high pressure to achieve and isolation from parents.
Such patients can improve during, and for some months after, treatment [90], but the brain abnormalities reported here may persist into adulthood [21], leaving these patients continually vulnerable to substance and antisocial relapse.
Considering the extremely low prevalence of childhood trauma reported among the general population of China, individuals who experienced childhood trauma may tend to be more vulnerable to substance abuse.
Many live on the streets of cities like Kigali, where they are vulnerable to substance abuse, violence and exploitation.
Therefore, it is important to be able to identify those adolescents who are most vulnerable to substance abuse in the (near) future.
And the worst nausea happens in the first trimester, when the developing fetus might be the most vulnerable to substances like marijuana.
Thus, impulsive and reward seeking behaviours have an early developmental onset, while these systems are still maturing, whereas the tension between late-developing prefrontal systems and more mature striatal systems during adolescence may lead to teenagers being more vulnerable to substances.
Erythropoietic cells in bone marrow are vulnerable to cytotoxic substances.
