Close-to-community providers have clear potential here as they are embedded in communities and uniquely placed to understand the multiple ways in which poverty shapes vulnerability to ill health, care seeking and the impact of ill health.
In this paper, we first describe the situation of the Roma in Serbia including their history, current living conditions, and vulnerability to ill health described in terms of both the social determinants of health and individual factors.
There is a tension between those who wish to uphold the rights of sex workers in order to reduce vulnerability to ill-health and those who insist that sex work is itself a violation of rights.
There is therefore a need to better understand how gender shapes vulnerability to ill-health and health sector responses so that health services can address the needs of women, men, girls, and boys more equitably (i.e. through channelling resources where they are most needed).
There is a significant tension between those who wish to uphold the rights of sex workers in order to reduce vulnerability to ill-health and those who insist that sex work is itself a violation of rights and human dignity and cannot therefore be regarded by law as a legitimate occupation.
An important paradigm shift is currently underway as scientific work is moving its focus from the factors and mechanisms that determine vulnerability to mental ill health, to the factors and mechanisms that stimulate individuals to remain healthy or to recover swiftly when facing severe adversities over the course of life.
[ 21] We focus on vulnerability to poverty and ill health as a response to a 'shock', specifically the characteristics of a person or group in terms of "their capacity to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from" a shock [ 22], p. 269.
As an example, an individual with genetic vulnerability to AN might become ill by exposure to high-risk environments like figure skating or fashion shows.
([ 1] p. 180) The women in this study were not exposed to some of the more extreme forms of suffering and discrimination experienced in other regions of India, but their experiences illustrate their vulnerability to poverty, social exclusion, and ill health.
They note the tension between those actors concerned with upholding the rights of sex workers in order to reduce vulnerability to HIV and other forms of ill-health, and those who see sex work as itself a violation of rights.
Part of the answer may lie in continuing signs that despite the country's long vulnerability to terrorist attacks, Indian law enforcement remains ill-prepared.
