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Discover LudwigExact(60)
That's the only vowel in the whole puzzle.
In German, that diacritical mark changes the pronunciation to accommodate a vowel in the following syllable.
This plot shows that other occurrences of /uw/, however, overlap with the vowel in mister (empty circles) and approach the vowel in me (empty circles with arrows).
/ow/ The vowel in boat, tone, ghost becomes a diphthong, and the first part of the diphthong is shifting towards the vowel in bet, ten, guest.
/i/ The vowel in him, sit, and bid is moving in two directions.
/uh/ The vowel in but, rust, bun is shifting towards the vowels in bet, rest, Ben.
Before other consonants, it shifts towards the vowel in hem, set, and bed.
/e/ The vowel in bed, set, send is shifting towards the vowels in bad, sat, sand.
/ae/ The vowel in hat, hand, pass is splitting into two varants.
Even in languages without a vowel harmony system, there are often severe limitations on the second vowel in a stem.
Word initial f in Manchu corresponds to an initial vowel in Tungus (Manchu fulha versus Solon ula 'poplar'poplar
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com