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The volume of defects was calculated as: width/2 × depth/2 × height × π for defects of cylindrical form and width/2 × depth/2 × height/2 × 4/3π for spherical defects (Hirn et al. 2008).
The volume of defects was calculated on plain radiograms as: width/2 × depth/2 × height × π for defects of cylindrical form and width/2 × depth/2 × height/2 × 4/3π for spherical defects [ 19].
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Both the effect of the volume density of defects and the size distribution of the defects have been studied.
This difference on the time effect is attributed to the higher volume fractions of defects, which are caused by severe rolling technique compared with its coarse counterpart-CPII.
The results show that an increase in spray temperature and in-flight particle velocity, obtained by increasing the gas temperature and pressure, leads to a decline in the volume fraction of defects within the coating as well as improvement of the substrate/coating interface.
The use of a strategy involving space maintenance as the initial step of a two-stage regenerative medicine approach toward reconstructing significant bony or composite tissue defects in the craniofacial area, preserves the void volume of bony defects and could promote soft tissue healing prior to the subsequent definitive repair.
Because of the bilateral defect study, the bone volume of each defect was compared with that of the contralateral defect in order to determine the percentage changes in bone formation.
How does the magnitude of the present volume of ventilation defects compare to reductions of spirometric variables?
Thus, in our anthropomorphic phantom, we consider most of the present volume of ventilation defects as comparatively small.
In respect to Jensen et al.'s DFT-calculations for orthorhombic As2Se3 crystal [27], this lifetime gives an estimate for volume of PT defects near ~90 Å3.
The total volume of ventilation defects was estimated as percentage of total lung volume and expressed as means of both observers' results.
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