Exact(13)
After introduction into a single cell, these cations can be used as volume marker by relating their changes in concentration to changes in cell volume, provided that the ions are neither metabolized nor transported out of the cell.
Lastly, for the pathological volume marker: the volume of segmented pathologies from the CT images was used.
Blue Dextran was used as void volume marker and was eluted at fraction number 26.
The intraperitoneal volume, for instance 60 min, can be determined by the addition of an intraperitoneal volume marker [ 31] or by drainage, as described in the 'fastPET' [ 32].
Ca2+ measurements were performed using two fluorescent dyes- Calcium Green-1 Dextran (Ca2+ sensitive) and Texas Red Dextran (Ca2+ insensitive volume marker).
But, Agarwal reported that BNP was not a volume marker among hypertensive patients on HD. 33 Also, the complete assessment including biochemical laboratory findings, MIS, HGS, and all BIA parameters strengthen the overall study results.
Similar(47)
The VOF method utilized volume markers to advect the local concentration of gas and liquid in a Eulerian manner.
For this purpose, volume markers of cardiac preload sometimes lack precision.
Nevertheless, a very large number of studies clearly demonstrate that neither pressure nor volume markers of preload can predict fluid responsiveness [ 7, 8].
Quantification of ECV is not part of the clinical routine in CKD, and validation of the available volume markers such as NT-proBNP will probably be cumbersome, due to interference of cardiac functional status.
This is supported by the similarity of the effects of diuretic and dietary sodium restriction on RAAS-blockade efficacy (at least on short term) [ 5▪▪, 8, 29] and by the predictive effect of volume markers on the effect of sodium restriction and/or diuretic on the efficacy of RAAS-blockade [ 30], as outlined in more detail in the next paragraph.
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