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The coalescent analysis to evaluate whether vocal differentiation can be attributed to drift or selection, suggested that the fixation of song types assumed to be encoded by nuclear genes, has occurred faster than expected by genetic drift, providing evidence that selection is driving song evolution in wedge-tailed sabrewings.
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In order to test whether the degree of male phenotypic differentiation (vocal and morphological characters) was caused by drift or divergent selection, we performed an indirect coalescent-based simulation method developed by Masta and Maddison [ 30].
Alternatively, the different effect of deafening on call variability could be due to differentiation of vocal-motor program that enables and guides song learning.
The variability and auditory sensitivity of the begging calls of males could be due to the differentiation of vocal-motor program that enables and guides song learning.
We then used cell culture experiments to analyze the capacity of exogenous TGFs β1, β2 and β3 to regulate profibrotic gene transcription, ECM synthesis, and fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation in human vocal fold fibroblasts (VFFs).
There is little differentiation between the various vocal lines, and no real acting to be done.
In terms of the classificatory differentiation between chronic motor or vocal tic disorder versus TD, similar problems due to the lack of specific studies looking for differences between both diagnoses have to be mentioned.
To summarize, the quantitative assessment of placental vasculature and placental volume by means of 3D Power Doppler and VOCAL technique is an adjunctive modality for differentiation between normal and IUGR pregnancies.
Acoustic recordings can provide insight into potential population differentiation based on geographical differences in vocal behaviour.
Once you get past all the pretty-pretty-princess malarky, the salient bit of information here is that there's no differentiation in quality between the production and vocal performance on this track and some of the most successful G-house tracks around.
Vocal emotions elicited a P200 smaller than neutral expressions, representing early differentiation of basic vocal emotional expressions and neutral vocal expressions [34].
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com