Ultrasound Doppler 4-mm flow probes (Transonic® Systems Inc., Ithaca, NY, USA), which had previously been calibrated in vitro, were placed around the left carotid artery and the left femoral artery.
The same patch, which was subjected to in vitro culture with MSCs for 4 days, was placed on the myocardium in the infarction area.
Each cDNA clone was placed downstream from a T7 promoter to allow in vitro transcription of full-length RNA.
Regenerated in vitro plantlets were placed horizontally on filter paper saturated with liquid half-strength MS medium and sprayed 19 h and 1 h before screening with 0.1 mM luciferin dissolved in MilliQ water.
In some treatments, mites were exposed to the fungal pathogens for 48 h in vitro prior to being placed on the host, while other treatments involved mites with no prior exposure placed directly onto the skin of a host treated with a fungal pathogen.
For in vitro culture, embryos were placed in 20 μl drops of KSOM medium (Millipore) under mineral oil (Irvine Scientific) in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air, at 37°C, in groups of 10-15 per drop.
In vitro human blood clots were placed at the focus of a piezoelectric transducer.
To overcome the limitations of the in vitro culture system, explants were placed in a hypoxic chamber (0.5% O2) at the time of progesterone withdrawal to more accurately simulate the in vivo environment.
To evaluate the migration of TH17 cells, 5-µm Transwell inserts (Corning, Cambridge, MA) containing 1×105 in vitro-generated TH17 cells were placed in the 24-well plate so as to make contact with 600 µl of the medium alone (basal) or with 100 nM MIP-3α/CCL20 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN).
It would also be reasonable for in vitro experiments where the tissue is placed in a large stirred bath of solution containing the treatment.
