For example, in an in vitro model of entorhinal cortex injury microglia migrated towards the zone of axonal degeneration where loss of the denervated dendrites of interneurons occurred (Rappert et al., 2004).
For example, in an in vitro model of trastuzumab resistance caused by the loss of PTEN, trastuzumab sensitivity was restored by treatment with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus and the Akt inhibitor triciribine [ 65].
The genus Leptospira is renowned for the stability of its agglutinating antigens during in vitro culture, with examples of strains maintaining serovar identity during more than 80 years of propagation [2], implying considerable genomic stability in the absence of selective pressure for antigenic change.
Conditions under which these functions can be manipulated in vitro, as well as examples of possible loss of astrocytic function in AD, are discussed.
Although mRNA can be cap methylated in cell extracts in vitro [ 42], physiological examples of post-transcriptional cap methylation have not been reported.
Here, we describe the successful use of the immobilized folding machineries for in vitro refolding with the examples of high yield refolding of a ribonuclease A (RNase A) and cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO).
This review summarises two key aspects of in vitro plant tracheary element (TE) culture systems: establishment of in vitro TE systems and methods for analysing TEs, based on examples of in vitro TE systems in angiosperms and gymnosperms.
In this review, several examples of in vitro systems are presented to illustrate these advantages and possible solutions to overcome the remaining challenges are discussed.
This review describes the current status of PDT investigations using microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip systems, including recent developments of nanoparticle-based PDT agents, their combinations with different drugs, designs and examples of in vitro applications.
However, examples of in vitro tests using human cells showed gaps in the understanding of parameters that control ZnO behavior, dissolution and hence toxicity.
