The p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are signal transducers, central to many vital cellular processes, including cell morphology, motility, survival, gene transcription and hormone signalling.
Some of these proteins are involved in a host of diverse and vital biological processes, including cell adhesion, cell migration, cell-cell communication, differentiation, proliferation, morphogenesis, survival and defense, virulence factors in bacteria and immune responses [ 2].
Glycoproteins play a vital role in biological processes including cell adhesion, receptor activation, and signal transduction [ 3- 5].
E2F1 transcription factor plays a vital role in the regulation of diverse cellular processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis.
Reproduction is an all-important function of an organism's life history, and all other vital processes, including senescence and death, are shaped to serve it.
Next to detoxification, CYPs contribute to several vital processes including biosynthesis and degradation of ecdysteroids and juvenile hormones and the metabolism of plant allelochemicals and pesticides [ 58].
Antisense transcripts could take part in a variety of vital processes including chromatin remodeling, regulation of transcription, posttranscriptional modifications, and intracellular transport [ 34– 34].
Mature miRNAs are 19- to 25-nucleotide-long molecules that are cleaved from 70- to 100-nucleotide hairpin pre-miRNA precursors [ 1, 2]. miRNAs regulate the expression of genes and play a vital role in almost every biological process, including cell differentiation, turning signalling pathways on/off, apoptosis, and cell proliferation [ 2, 3].
Collectively, these polycomb group (PcG) proteins have been shown to regulate vital cellular processes including differentiation, cell identity, stem-cell plasticity, and proliferation (Margueron and Reinberg, 2011; Shih et al., 2012).
All of the other vital principles, including cell division and heredity, are underwritten by a cell's unique ability to extract energy from its environment and use it.
