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The team suggested a more visual symptom reporter, with a basic body map and non-written symptom and pain indicators.
Scintillating scotoma was the most commonly reported (67.5%) and predominant (94%) visual symptom during the aura.
The most frequent visual symptom was scintillating scotoma, followed by blurry vision, tunnel vision and zig-zag lines.
It was estimated that each visual symptom score increment is associated with a yield loss of approximately 400 kg ha−1 (Audebert and Fofana [2009]).
The VARS score is the weighted sum of the presence of five visual symptom characteristics: duration 5 60 min (3 points), develops gradually over at least 5 min (2 points), scotoma (2 points), zig-zag lines (2 points) and unilateral (1 point) (Table 7).
Table 7 Visual Aura Rating Scale (VARS) Visual symptom Risk score Duration 5 60 min 3 Develops gradually over 5 min 2 Scotoma 2 Zigzag line (fortification) 2 Unilateral (homonymous) 1 Migraine with aura diagnosis ≥5 From Eriksen MK et al. Cephalalgia 2005 25:801–810 [61].
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Dorshimer added that Lindros had total recollection and had no visual symptoms and "didn't feel unsteady on the ice".
Visual symptoms alone are infrequent in PML.
Homonymous visual symptoms and/or unilateral sensory symptoms 2.
(ii) The visual symptoms are distinct from migraine with aura.
All patients had one or more visual symptoms.
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