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We used a novel and intuitive paradigm designed by combining functional magnetic resonance imaging and augmented reality technology to simulate visual illusory stimuli that mimic hallucinations during brain scanning.
If external stimulation by TMS hits visual cortex at states of high excitability (low alpha power), this may induce visual illusory percepts even in the absence of retinal stimulation.
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These data support the existence of independent maturational processes underlying speech and non-speech audio-visual illusory effects.
Although spatial superiority of vision over audition has been confirmed in motion processing [10] [12], it was recently reported that the alternation of sound location could induce the illusory visual motion perception of static visual stimuli in peripheral visual field [5], [6].
An auditory attentional cue might induce the illusory visual motion since the visual percept for the stimulus might gradually develop from the cued side.
Here, we show that sounds containing no motion or positional cues can induce illusory visual motion perception for static visual objects.
This sound-induced illusory visual motion is observed only when a visual stimulus is presented in conjunction with sounds, and has very similar properties as those of contingent aftereffects.
The illusory visual percept is mediated by early crossmodal interactions in low-level visual cortices [ 13], and its occurrence is predicted by alpha band occipital oscillatory amplitude [ 14, 15] enhanced coherence between auditory and visual areas [ 16] and is undistinguishable from real flashes in naive participants [ 17].
The mirror box, however, provides the brain with new visual input — however illusory — suggesting motion in the absent arm.
These properties are very similar to the sound-induced illusory visual motion.
The sound-induced illusory visual motion also persisted for an extremely long time.
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