Sentence examples for viscosity gradient from inspiring English sources

In order to test the properties of this method we have created a constant viscosity gradient in a water sample.

The logarithmic viscosity gradient is calculated from the ratio of these two pressure changes.

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity composition curve for gas mixtures.

The effects of viscosity gradient, non-uniform shear rate and Brownian diffusion on particle migration are taken into account in order to examine the effect of nanoparticle arrangement on entropy generation rates.

In this work, a two-phase mixture model for evaluation of flow and heat transfer performance of SiO2/water nanofluids under turbulent flow was proposed by considering the heterogeneity of concentration due to crossed effect and the influences of shear rate, viscosity gradient, thermophoresis and Brownian motion on the diffusion of the nanoparticles.

As shown in the insert of 3, the increasing dynamic viscosity gradient reported by Yang et al. [9] is shown in between the fresh nanofluids and the fluids held for three days in this study.

The results clearly indicated that Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis are more important than shear-induced diffusion and viscosity gradient-induced diffusion.

Explicitly, realistic models designed to explore the functioning of ATP synthase may have to consider interfacial viscosity gradients, within and around the nanoturbine.

Summarizing, there is observational evidence for the prevalence of intramitochondrial water viscosity gradients, and for a decrease and increase in ATP synthesis in response to ROS and laser light31, respectively.

Integration of the viscosity gradients across the composition range yields the relative viscosities of the mixtures.

Initially it was estimated that the nanomotor operates at 100% efficiency1,2,3,4 — a picture based on several idealized assumptions, including that the viscosity of the milieu surrounding the motor is that of bulk water5,6,7,8,9, thus, paying no attention to viscosity gradients near surfaces10.