Sentence examples for virulent control from inspiring English sources

However, the signal size had no effect on larval survival when less virulent control or evolved strains were used for infection (Fig. 2b and c).

However, the signal size had no effect on larval survival when less virulent control or evolved strains were used for infection suggesting that anti-predatory defence against avian predators, might be less constrained when the invading pathogen is rather low in virulence.

In experiments aimed at assessing the respiratory virulence of Kim53ΔJ+P, it was found that all mice infected intranasally with 6×104 cfu of Kim53ΔJ+P (equivalent to ∼30 LD50 of the wild-type strain), died within four days at the same rate as those infected intranasally with the virulent control strain Kim53pGFP (Figure 3B).

This M. bovis NCTC 10772 collection strain was selected as a virulent control strain based on previous findings demonstrating that this strain is capable of replicating in mouse organs [ 10] and producing lesions compatible with tuberculosis in cattle after intratracheal inoculation of 109 CFU (data not shown).

Although this mutant behaves different from the non-virulent control (OP50) it is also significantly altered compared to the wild-type pathogenic strain, so we conclude that OmpR may play a minor role in the nematode model.

An additional E. coli strain IMT11327 (Ont:H16, ST295, ST23 complex), isolated from the intestine of a clinically healthy chicken, was used as a non-virulent control in both in vivo and in vitro assays, while E. coli - K12 strain (MG1655) was used as a negative control in vitro.

When we compared the transcriptomes of virulent and control strains, we observed several specific groups of genes that may explain the pathogenic nature of the virulent strains.

For the virulent versus control contrast, only one cluster with 5 genes was found, and their annotations were related to nucleotide binding and more specifically to ATP binding.

Recently, Scalliet et al. (2012) generated various carboxin-resistant mutants of the wheat blotch fungus Z. tritici and reported that these strains are more virulent than control strains.

As shown in Figure 1A, LF82 displayed a robust virulence phenotype significantly reducing the nematode life span compared to the non-virulent OP50 control (P<0.0001).

The simulant described could reduce the need to use infectious viruses in the development of detection and diagnostic methods, and could also be useful as a non-virulent positive control in nucleic acid-based tests against biological threat agents.