Sentence examples for virulence determination from inspiring English sources

To gain further insights into the host-pathogen interaction and to determine the value of chicken embryos as alternative hosts for virulence determination, we analyzed several C. albicans deletion mutants for their ability to kill chicken embryos, invade the CAM and induce proinflammatory cytokine transcription.

Presented method was sufficient to evaluate the difference between the biofilm formation potential of various P. aeruginosa strains, which is an important factor for the pathogen virulence determination.

It was shown that chicken embryos are generally suitable for virulence determination of different Candida species and C. albicans gene deletion mutants [18], [21].

Six- to eight-week-old female BALB/c mice from the Laboratory Animal Research Center (AMMS) were used in virulence determination, and all animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the Guidelines for the Welfare and Ethics of Laboratory Animals of China.

Since the content of PPI-1v varies between the highly virulent isolates and the four less virulent isolates, and the expression of a number of PPI-1v genes was favored in niches associated with disease, it was decided to confirm the role of this region in virulence determination by mutagenesis.

Virulence determination revealed 27 virulence phenotypes among the 132 quasi-isogenic isolates.

Sixty-three E. coli isolates were subjected to virulence gene determination by PCR.

Culturing of Clostridium difficile was done by BK and virulence gene determination of E. coli isolates by ØA.

The NS4B protein may play an important role in virulence phenotype determination (6, 8 – 10 ), predicted to be involved in viral replication and evasion of host innate immune defenses (8 ).

Optimization of the vector included virulence attenuation and determination of the N-terminal sequence allowing translocation of fused antigens into cells.

In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the genome of A. pleuropneumoniae strain JL03, a Chinese field isolate of serotype 3. Together with the genomic sequence of L20, this information provides a firm foundation for future research into the genetic basis of metabolism, pathogenesis, virulence and serotype/biotype determination in A. pleuropneumoniae.