Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(6)
In this paper, a detailed analysis of a lithium mixed metal oxide battery recycling scenario, where cobalt and nickel are recovered and re-introduced into the battery production chain, is compared with a virgin production scenario.
"So the sceptics might be right: Branson's various climate adventures may indeed prove to have all been a spectacle, a Virgin production, with everyone's favourite bearded billionaire playing the part of planetary saviour to build his brand, land on late night TV, fend off regulators, and feel good about doing bad," Klein writes in This Changes Everything, Capitalism vs The Climate.
The demand for R-22 will last years beyond the allowed period of virgin production.
The environmental savings from recycling will greatly depend on the choice of technology as processing steps could be nearly as energy intensive as virgin production, with estimates for recycling neodymium based on hard disk drives suggesting different methods emitted between 15 and 40%% of the CO2 of new extraction [29].
Now, if that were 12,500 tonnes of gold being made into coins every year, with global virgin production being around 3,000 tonnes, then sure, that would be a contract worth, umm, influencing the political process, to secure and keep running.
FAO estimates that in 1990 there were 46 million hectares of virgin production forest in Indonesia, but forecast that this would be reduced to 11 million hectares by 2000.
Similar(54)
With the plastics industry piling investment into virgin resin production, recycled plastics are not quite cheap enough, and rates of recycling are falling.
Meanwhile virgin plastic production continues apace and is set to to leap by 40% over the next 10 years as more products are made from virgin plastic than from recycled.
In reality, however, virgin plastic production is hardly slowing down.
Pressure needs to be kept up until virgin plastic production is slowed way down, said Savitz.
The reverse channel supplies high quality (recovered) products, components and materials to the forward channel thereby reducing the need for virgin sourcing and production.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com